Amakuru - Ubumenyi bwinganda | Impamvu zirindwi zo guhindura amabara ibikoresho byacapwe

Kubikoresho byujuje ubuziranenge byacapwe, ibara akenshi rifite ibipimo ngenderwaho bigereranijwe: ibara rya wino yicyiciro cyibicuruzwa bigomba kuba bihuye imbere ninyuma, bigaragarira ibara, kandi bigahuza na wino hue hamwe nibara rya wino y'urupapuro rw'icyitegererezo. .

Nyamara, mugikorwa cyo gucapa no kubika, hue, urumuri no kuzuza ibintu byacapwe akenshi birahinduka. Yaba wino ya monochrome cyangwa wino ifite amabara arenze abiri, ibara rishobora guhinduka umwijima cyangwa ryoroshye munsi yimbere ninyuma.

Urebye iki kibazo, tuzaganira nawe uyumunsi ibintu bigira ingaruka kumihindagurikire yamabara yibikoresho byanditse, muri rusange birimo ibintu bikurikira:

Guhindura amabara no gushira irangi kubera kutoroherana k'umucyo

Munsi yizuba, ibara numucyo wino bizahinduka muburyo butandukanye. Nta wino irwanya urumuri rwose idahinduye ibara. Munsi yizuba ryinshi, ibara rya wino yose izahinduka muburyo butandukanye. Ihinduka rishobora kugabanywamo ubwoko bubiri.

Kugabanuka:

Munsi yumucyo ultraviolet yumucyo, wino ifite imbaraga nke zumucyo, yatakaje ibara ryumwimerere ryiza, kandi ibara rihinduka ibara ryera ryera. By'umwihariko, amabara y'umuhondo n'umutuku azimangana vuba muri wino y'amabara yoroheje hamwe no gucapa amabara ane, mugihe cyan na wino bigenda bishira buhoro.

Guhindura ibara:

Bitandukanye no gushira kwa wino yumukara wibintu byacapwe, ibara rihinduka cyane munsi yizuba, kandi ibara naryo rirahinduka. Abantu bita iyi mpinduka.

Ingaruka zo kwigana

Isahani yo gucapa ya offset ntishobora gutandukanywa no guhanagura igice cyisahani hamwe nigisubizo cyamazi. Kugirango icapwe rya offset, amazi abanza gukoreshwa hanyuma hakoreshwa wino. Emulisation byanze bikunze iyo amazi akoreshejwe.

Ibara rya wino rizagabanuka nyuma ya emulisation, ariko izagarura ibara ryumwimerere nyuma yuko amazi azimye. Kubwibyo, uko amazi ari manini, niko ubwinshi bwa emulisation buzatera ibara. By'umwihariko, wino y'amabara hamwe na emulisiyo zitandukanye rwose zivanze hamwe, kandi ibintu byo guhindura ibara biragaragara cyane.

Imiterere yimpapuro

1.Ubuso bworoshye bwimpapuro

Ubworoherane bwimpapuro zifitanye isano rya hafi na kopi yo gucapa. Ubuso bw'impapuro butaringaniye akenshi bukenera igitutu kinini kugirango wino ihuze neza nayo. Kurugero, niba irangi rya wino, fluidity hamwe nuburinganire bwa wino bigumishijwe kumubare runaka, kongera umuvuduko bizongera ubuso bwakwirakwijwe. Muri icyo gihe, ibice byo hasi byimpapuro biracyari mubi. Kurugero, niba icapiro ryimpapuro zometseho hamwe namakuru yamakuru kuri plaque imwe itandukanye cyane, ingaruka zitandukanye zo kwigana zirashobora kugereranywa neza.

2.Gukoresha impapuro

Kwinjira kwimpapuro nabyo bifitanye isano itaziguye n'ingaruka zo kwigana. Mubisanzwe, mugihe ucapisha impapuro zidafunguye, niba wino ifite umuvuduko mwinshi hamwe nubukonje buke, impapuro zizakuramo wino nyinshi. Niba diameter ya pore ari nini kuruta diameter ya pigment ya pigment, niyo pigment izakirwa, bizagabanya kwiyuzuzamo kwibitekerezo. Ubunini bwa wino bugomba kongerwa neza.

Ariko, kongera ubunini bwurwego rwa wino bizatera "gukwirakwira" mugihe cyo gucapa, bizagira ingaruka kumyandikire. Urupapuro rufite ibintu bike rushobora gutuma firime ya wino igaragara hejuru yimpapuro, kugirango irangi ryacapwe rifite ubwuzure bwiza.

3.Ubushobozi bwimpapuro

Urupapuro rwinshi rwo kugabanya impapuro ruzagabanya ubunini bwurwego rwa wino, kandi imyenge nini hejuru yimpapuro nayo izatuma uduce tumwe na tumwe twinjira mu mpapuro icyarimwe, bityo ibara rizagira imyumvire yo gucika. Kubera iyo mpamvu, koresha impapuro zifite ubuso butagaragara kandi bworoshye, hamwe nimpapuro zifite amazi menshi ya wino, witondere amabara.

Ubushyuhe bwo kurwanya pigment

Muburyo bwo kumisha wino, wino yumucyo kandi yihuta yumye wandika wanditse cyane cyane okiside conjunctiva yumye. Hariho icyiciro cyo gukosora mbere yo gukama wino ya offset. Okiside polymerisation ya wino ni reaction idasanzwe. Niba gukama byihuse, ubushyuhe bwinshi buzarekurwa. Niba ubushyuhe busohotse buhoro, pigment irwanya ubushyuhe izahindura ibara.

Kurugero, wino ya zahabu yijimye kandi itakaza ubwiza bwumwimerere.

Iyo icapiro, impapuro zishyizwe mumurongo kumpapuro yakira. Bitewe no gutondekanya cyane, wino y'urupapuro rwagati iba oxyde, polymerisme na exothermic, kandi ubushyuhe ntabwo bworoshye gusohoka. Niba ubushyuhe buri hejuru, igice cyo hagati kizahindura ibara cyane.

Ingaruka zamavuta yumye

Irangi ryamabara yoroheje ni ayamabara akonje, umuhondo wijimye, icyatsi cya zeru, ubururu bwikiyaga nandi mabara yo hagati, ntukoreshe amavuta yumutuku, kuko amavuta yumutuku yumutuku ubwayo afite magenta yimbitse, azagira ingaruka kumabara ya wino y'ibara ryoroshye.

Amavuta yumye yera asa n'umweru, ariko ahinduka umukara wijimye nyuma ya conjunctiva iba oxyde. Niba ubwinshi bwamavuta yumye ari manini, icapiro ryumye rishobora kuba umuhondo wijimye, mugihe ibara ryamavuta yumutuku wumye kuri wino yijimye nkubururu, umukara numuhengeri ntabwo bizagira ingaruka cyane.

Ingaruka zo kurwanya alkali yo gucapa wino

PH agaciro k'impapuro zacapwe ni 7, kandi impapuro zitabogamye ninziza. Mubisanzwe, wino ikozwe munganda zidafite umubiri muke usanga ikennye cyane muri aside no kurwanya alkali, mugihe pigment kama ari nziza muri acide no kurwanya alkali. Cyane cyane, wino yo hagati yubururu nijimye yijimye izashira mugihe uhuye na alkali.

Mugihe cya alkali, ibara ry'umuhondo rito rizahinduka umutuku, kandi kashe ishyushye ya aluminiyumu ya anodize hamwe no gucapa zahabu bizahinduka umuhondo wa kera mugihe uhuye nibintu bya alkaline, nta kurabagirana. Urupapuro akenshi rufite intege nke na alkaline, kandi binder irimo alkaline ihura nicyiciro cyanyuma cyo gucapa no guhambira. Niba ibicuruzwa byo gupakira no gushushanya bipfunyika ibintu bya alkaline, nk'isabune, isabune, ifu yo kumesa, nibindi, hagomba gutekerezwa kurwanya alkali no kurwanya saponification ya wino.

Ingaruka yibidukikije

Hariho impamvu nyinshi zituma ibicuruzwa byinshi byacapwe byanze bikunze bizahinduka umuhondo mugihe bibitswe igihe kirekire.

Fibre iri mu mpapuro irimo lignin nyinshi kandi ifite ibara. Kurugero, ibinyamakuru byacapishijwe kumakuru yamakuru birashoboka cyane guhinduka umuhondo kandi byoroshye.

Ibyinshi mubicuruzwa byo gucapa amabara byacapishijwe na offset icapiro ryamabara ane arahindura ibara cyangwa agashira kubera kutagira urumuri ruke hamwe nubushyuhe bwumuriro wa pigment munsi yizuba, iminsi myinshi, umuyaga n imvura, hanze yubushyuhe bwo hejuru hanze, nibindi.

Irangi Hongze yahisemo ntabwo iruta gusa, ariko kandi ikomeza imyifatire ikaze mugihe ugereranije ibara ryibicuruzwa byarangiye murwego rwanyuma. Gusa uduhe ibicuruzwa, kandi tuzagenzura buri ntambwe ibisabwa kuri wewe.