Filime zose ntizakozwe kimwe. Ibi bitera ibibazo byombi umuyaga hamwe nuwabikora. Dore uko twabyitwaramo. # gutunganya inama # imyitozo myiza
Kuruhande rwimbere rwumuyaga, impagarara zurubuga zigenzurwa na drives yubuso ihujwe na stacker cyangwa pinch roller kugirango hongerwe neza urubuga no gukwirakwiza urubuga. Guhinduranya impagarara bigenzurwa byigenga kugirango hongerwe gukomera.
Iyo uhinduye firime kumurongo wo hagati gusa, impagarara zurubuga zikorwa numuyoboro uhindagurika wa disiki nkuru. Urubuga rwa interineti rushyizwe kumurongo wifuzwa hanyuma rukagabanuka buhoro buhoro uko firime ihuha.
Iyo uhinduye firime kumurongo wo hagati gusa, impagarara zurubuga zikorwa numuyoboro uhindagurika wa disiki nkuru. Urubuga rwa interineti rushyizwe kumurongo wifuzwa hanyuma rukagabanuka buhoro buhoro uko firime ihuha.
Iyo uhinduranya ibicuruzwa bya firime kuri centre / hejuru yumuyaga, uruziga rukoreshwa mugucunga umurongo wurubuga. Umwanya uhindagurika ntabwo ushingiye kumurongo wurubuga.
Niba imbuga zose za firime zari zitunganye, gutanga imizingo itunganye ntabwo byaba ari ikibazo kinini. Kubwamahirwe, firime nziza ntizibaho kubera itandukaniro risanzwe ryibisigisigi hamwe na inomomogeneité mugukora firime, gutwikira, hamwe no hejuru.
Hamwe nibitekerezo, umurimo wibikorwa byo guhinduranya ni ukureba niba izo nenge zitagaragara neza kandi ntiziyongere mugihe cyo kuzunguruka. Ukoresha umuyaga noneho agomba kumenya neza ko inzira yo guhinduranya itagikora ingaruka nziza kubicuruzwa. Ikibazo gikomeye ni uguhindura firime yoroheje yo gupakira kugirango ikore neza mubikorwa byabakiriya kandi itange umusaruro mwiza kubakiriya babo.
Akamaro ka Filime Rigidity Ubucucike bwa Filime, cyangwa impagarara zingana, nicyo kintu cyingenzi muguhitamo niba film ari nziza cyangwa mbi. Igikomere kizunguruka buhoro cyane "kizaba kiva" mugihe igikomere, gifashwe, cyangwa kibitswe. Kuzenguruka kwizingo ni ingenzi cyane kubakiriya kugirango ubashe gutunganya iyi mizingo ku muvuduko mwinshi wo gukora mugihe hagumyeho impinduka ntoya.
Gukomeretsa bikabije birashobora gutera ibibazo ubwabo. Barashobora gukora inenge zo guhagarika ibibazo mugihe ibice byahujwe cyangwa bifatanye. Iyo uhinduranya firime irambuye hejuru yuruzitiro ruto, guhinduranya umuzingo ukomeye birashobora gutuma intangiriro imeneka. Ibi birashobora gutera ibibazo mugihe ukuyeho igiti cyangwa winjizamo igiti cyangwa igikoma mugihe gikurikiraho kidakorwa.
Umuzingo wakomeretse cyane urashobora kandi kongera inenge zurubuga. Filime mubisanzwe ifite ahantu harehare gato kandi hake mugice cyambukiranya imashini aho urubuga ruba rwinshi cyangwa rworoshye. Iyo uhinduye dura mater, uduce twubunini bunini buruzuzanya. Iyo amagana cyangwa ibihumbi n'ibice byakomeretse, ibice byo hejuru bikora imirongo cyangwa ibishushanyo kuri muzingo. Iyo firime irambuye kuriyi projection, irahinduka. Uturere noneho dukora inenge yitwa "umufuka" muri firime nkuko umuzingo udahinduka. Umuyaga ukomeye hamwe nigitambambuga cyinshi kuruhande rworoshye cyane birashobora kuganisha ku nenge yumuyaga bita waviness cyangwa ibimenyetso byumugozi kumuyaga.
Impinduka ntoya mububyimba bwikizingo ntizigaragara niba umwuka uhagije wakomerekejwe mumuzingo mubice byo hasi kandi urubuga ntirurambuye mubice birebire. Ariko, imizingo igomba gukomeretsa bihagije kuburyo bizunguruka kandi bikagumaho mugihe cyo kubika no kubika.
Guhindura imashini itandukanye kumashini Zimwe muma firime yapakira yoroheje, haba mugihe cyo kuyakuramo cyangwa mugihe cyo gutwika no kumurika, ifite ubunini bwimashini-imashini nini cyane kuburyo idashobora gukosorwa neza. Kugirango woroshye imashini-kuri-mashini ya Winder roll itandukanye, urubuga cyangwa slitter rewinder na winder bigenda bisubira inyuma ugereranije nurubuga nkuko urubuga rwaciwe kandi rukomeretse. Uku kugenda kwimashini kwitwa oscillation.
Kugirango uhindagurika neza, umuvuduko ugomba kuba muremure bihagije kugirango uhindure ubunini, kandi hasi bihagije kugirango udatobora cyangwa ngo uhindure firime. Amategeko yintoki kumuvuduko mwinshi ni mm 25 (1 santimetero) kumunota kuri buri 150 m / min (500 ft / min) yihuta. Byiza, umuvuduko wo kunyeganyega uhinduka ukurikije umuvuduko uhindagurika.
Isesengura Rikomeye Urubuga Iyo umuzingo wibikoresho bya firime byoroshye bipfunyika bikubiye imbere muri muzingo, haba impagarara mumuzingo cyangwa guhangayika. Niba iyi mihangayiko ibaye nini mugihe cyo kuzunguruka, guhinduranya imbere kugana imbere bizakorerwa imitwaro myinshi yo kwikuramo. Nibyo bitera inenge ya "bulge" mubice byaho bya coil. Iyo uhinduye firime zidakomeye kandi zinyerera cyane, urwego rwimbere rushobora kurekura, rushobora gutuma umuzingo uhindagurika mugihe gikomeretse cyangwa kirambuye iyo kidakomeretse. Kugira ngo wirinde ibi, bobbin igomba gukomeretsa cyane hafi yimbere, hanyuma ikagabanuka cyane nkuko diameter ya bobbin yiyongera.
Ibi bikunze kuvugwa nkibikoresho bizunguruka. Ninini ya diameter yikomere yarangiye, ningirakamaro cyane ya taper ya bale. Ibanga ryo gukora ibyuma byubatswe neza byubaka ni ugutangirana nigitereko cyiza gikomeye hanyuma ukagihinduranya gahoro gahoro gake kuri coil.
Ninini ya diameter yikomere yarangiye, ningirakamaro cyane ya taper ya bale.
Urufatiro rwiza rukomeye rusaba ko guhinduranya bitangirana ubuziranenge, bubitswe neza. Ibikoresho byinshi bya firime bikomeretsa ku mpapuro. Intangiriro igomba kuba ikomeye bihagije kugirango ihangane ningutu zoguhindagurika zatewe na firime yakomeretse cyane. Ubusanzwe, impapuro zumye zumye mu ziko kugeza ubuhehere bwa 6-8%. Niba utwo dusimba twabitswe ahantu h’ubushuhe buhebuje, buzakuramo ubwo butaka kandi bugere kuri diameter nini. Noneho, nyuma yimikorere ihindagurika, utwo dusimba turashobora gukama kugeza ubuhehere buke kandi bikagabanuka mubunini. Mugihe ibi bibaye, urufatiro rwo gukomeretsa bikomeye ruzashira! Ibi birashobora kuganisha ku nenge nko gutereta, guturika no / cyangwa kuzamuka kwizingo iyo zikoreshejwe cyangwa zidafunguwe.
Intambwe ikurikiraho yo kubona ibikenerwa byiza bya coil ni ugutangira kuzunguruka hamwe nuburyo bukomeye bushoboka bwa coil. Noneho, nkuko umuzingo wibikoresho bya firime wakomeretse, ubukana bwumuzingo bugomba kugabanuka neza. Kugabanuka kugabanurwa gukomera kumurambararo wanyuma mubisanzwe ni 25% kugeza 50% byubukomezi bwambere bupimye kumurongo.
Agaciro ko gukomera kwumuzingo wambere hamwe nagaciro ka taper yumuvuduko ukabije mubisanzwe biterwa nubwiyongere bwikigereranyo cyikizingo. Ikintu cyo kuzamuka ni igipimo cya diameter yo hanze (OD) yibyingenzi na diameter ya nyuma yumuzingo. Ninini nini ya diametre yanyuma ya bale (uko urwego ruri hejuru), niko biba ngombwa ko utangirana nigitereko cyiza kandi gahoro gahoro umuyaga woroshye. Imbonerahamwe 1 itanga itegeko ryurwego rusabwa rwo kugabanya ubukana bushingiye kumpamvu zifatika.
Ibikoresho byo guhinduranya bikoreshwa mugukomera kururubuga ni imbaraga zurubuga, umuvuduko wo hasi (kanda cyangwa gutondekanya imashini cyangwa ibyuma byumuyaga), hamwe numuriro uva mumashanyarazi hagati mugihe uhinduranya urubuga rwa firime kumurongo / hejuru. Aya mahame yiswe TNT ahindagurika yaganiriweho mu kiganiro cyo muri Mutarama 2013 cy’ikoranabuhanga rya Plastiki. Ibikurikira birasobanura uburyo wakoresha buri kimwe muri ibyo bikoresho mugushushanya ibizamini bikomereye kandi bitanga itegeko ryintoki kubiciro byambere kugirango ubone ibizamini bisabwa kugirango bipime ibikoresho bitandukanye byoroshye.
Ihame ryimbaraga zo kumurongo. Iyo uhinduye firime ya elastike, guhagarika urubuga nihame nyamukuru ryo guhinduranya ikoreshwa mugucunga ubukana bwumuzingo. Iyo firime irusheho kuramburwa mbere yo kuzunguruka, igikomere kizakomera. Ikibazo ni ukumenya neza ko ingano yurubuga rudatera impagarara zihoraho muri firime.
Nkuko bigaragara ku gishushanyo. 1, iyo firime ihindagurika kuri santere nziza yo hagati, impagarara zurubuga zikorwa numuyoboro uhindagurika wa moteri yo hagati. Urubuga rwa interineti rushyizwe kumurongo wifuzwa hanyuma rukagabanuka buhoro buhoro uko firime ihuha. Imbaraga zurubuga zakozwe na disiki ya centre isanzwe igenzurwa mumuzinga ufunze hamwe nibitekerezo bivuye kumurongo.
Agaciro kintangiriro nicyanyuma imbaraga zingirakamaro kubintu runaka mubisanzwe bigenwa muburyo bwiza. Itegeko ryiza ryurubuga rwimbaraga ni 10% kugeza 25% byimbaraga za firime. Inyandiko nyinshi zasohotse zitanga urugero rwimbaraga zurubuga kubintu bimwe byurubuga. Imbonerahamwe ya 2 urutonde rwerekana impagarara kubikoresho byinshi byurubuga bikoreshwa mugupakira byoroshye.
Kugirango uzunguruke kuri santere isukuye, impagarara zambere zigomba kuba hafi yumutwe wo hejuru wurwego rusabwa. Noneho gahoro gahoro ugabanye impagarara zingana kurwego rwo hasi rwerekanwe muri iyi mbonerahamwe.
Agaciro kintangiriro nicyanyuma imbaraga zingirakamaro kubintu runaka mubisanzwe bigenwa muburyo bwiza.
Mugihe uhinduye urubuga rwa laminate rugizwe nibikoresho byinshi bitandukanye, kugirango ubone ibyifuzo byurubuga rusabwa kurwego rwimiterere, kongeramo gusa imbogamizi ntarengwa y'urubuga kuri buri kintu cyashyizwe hamwe (mubisanzwe utitaye ku gipfukisho cyangwa igiti gifatika) hanyuma ukoreshe amafaranga akurikira yaya makimbirane. nkimpagarike ntarengwa yurubuga rwa laminate.
Ikintu cyingenzi mubitera impagarara mugihe uhinduranya ibintu byoroshye bya firime ni uko imbuga za buri muntu zigomba guhagarikwa mbere yo kumurika kugirango ihindagurika (kurambura urubuga bitewe nurubuga rwa interineti) bigereranywa kuri buri rubuga. Niba urubuga rumwe rukururwa cyane kurenza izindi mbuga, ibibazo byo gutembagaza cyangwa gusiba, bizwi nka "tunnel", birashobora kugaragara kurubuga rwanduye. Ingano yuburakari igomba kuba igipimo cya modulus nubunini bwurubuga kugirango wirinde gutembera no / cyangwa gutobora nyuma yo kumurika.
Ihame ryo kurumwa. Iyo uhinduranya firime zidakomeye, gufatisha hamwe na torque ni amahame nyamukuru yo guhinduranya akoreshwa mukugenzura gukomera. Clamp ihindura ubukana bwumuzingo ikuraho imbibi zumuyaga zikurikira urubuga mukuzamura. Clamp nayo itera impagarara kumuzingo. Gukomera clamp, gukomera kwizunguruka. Ikibazo cyo guhinduranya firime yoroheje ni ugutanga igitutu gihagije cyo gukuraho umwuka no guhuhuta umuyaga utajegajega utarinze gutera umuyaga mwinshi mugihe cyo guhinduranya kugirango wirinde kuzunguruka cyangwa kuzunguruka ahantu hanini hahindura urubuga.
Kwipakurura clamp ntabwo biterwa nibintu kuruta guhagarika urubuga kandi birashobora gutandukana cyane bitewe nibintu bikenewe kandi bikenerwa na roller. Kugirango wirinde inkeke ya firime yakomeretse yatewe nigituba, umutwaro uri muri nipu ni nkenerwa nkenerwa kugirango wirinde umwuka kugwa mumuzingo. Ubusanzwe umutwaro wa nip ubikwa buri gihe kuri centre yumuyaga kuko kamere itanga imbaraga zihoraho zipakurura ingufu za cone muri nip. Mugihe umurambararo wa diametre uba munini, aho uhurira (agace) kinyuranyo hagati yikizunguruka kizunguruka nigitutu kiba kinini. Niba ubugari bwiyi nzira buhindutse kuva kuri mm 6 (0,25 santimetero) kuri corps kugeza kuri mm 12 (0,5 cm) kumurongo wuzuye, umuvuduko wumuyaga uhita ugabanukaho 50%. Mubyongeyeho, uko diameter ya roller izunguruka yiyongera, ubwinshi bwumwuka ukurikira hejuru yuruziga nabwo buriyongera. Uru rugabano rwumuyaga rwongera umuvuduko wa hydraulic mugerageza gukingura icyuho. Uyu muvuduko wiyongereye wongera taper yumutwaro ufata nkuko diameter yiyongera.
Kumuyaga mugari kandi wihuta wakoreshaga umuyaga munini wa diameter, birashobora kuba nkenerwa kongera umutwaro kuri clamping kugirango wirinde umwuka kwinjira. Ku mutini. 2 yerekana firime nkuru yumuyaga hamwe numuvuduko wuzuye umuyaga ukoresha impagarara hamwe nibikoresho byo gufunga kugirango ugenzure ubukana bwumuzingo.
Rimwe na rimwe ikirere ni inshuti yacu. Filime zimwe, cyane cyane "zifatanije" firime zo hejuru zifite ibibazo byuburinganire, bisaba kuziba icyuho. Gutandukanya icyuho cyemerera umwuka muke gukururwa muri bale kugirango wirinde ibibazo byugarije urubuga muri bale kandi bifasha mukurinda urubuga mugihe hakoreshejwe imirongo minini. Kugirango uhindure neza ayo mafirime, icyuho kigomba gukomeza itandukaniro rito, rihoraho hagati yumuvuduko wibikoresho hamwe nugupfunyika. Iki cyuho gito, kigenzurwa gifasha gupima igikomere cyumwuka kuri muzingo kandi kiyobora urubuga guhita rwumuyaga kugirango wirinde inkeke.
Ihame rya Torque. Igikoresho cya torque yo kubona umuzingo ukomeye ni imbaraga zatejwe imbere rwagati. Izi mbaraga zanduzwa binyuze meshi aho ikurura cyangwa ikurura kumuzingo w'imbere wa firime. Nkuko byavuzwe haruguru, iyi torque ikoreshwa mugukora imbuga za interineti hagati. Kuri ubu bwoko bwumuyaga, guhagarika urubuga hamwe na torque bifite ihame rimwe.
Iyo uhinduranya ibicuruzwa bya firime kuri centre / hejuru yumuyaga, umuzingo wa pinch ukoreshwa kugirango ugabanye imbogamizi zurubuga nkuko bigaragara ku gishushanyo cya 3. Umuvuduko wurubuga winjira mumashanyarazi ntushobora gutandukana numuvuduko ukabije watewe nuyu muriro. Hamwe nuburemere burigihe bwurubuga rwinjira mumuyaga, impagarara zurubuga rwinjira mubisanzwe bigumaho.
Mugihe cyo gukata no gusubiza inyuma firime cyangwa ibindi bikoresho bifite igipimo kinini cya Poisson, hagati / hagati yo guhinduranya bigomba gukoreshwa, ubugari buzahinduka bitewe nimbaraga zurubuga.
Iyo guhinduranya ibicuruzwa bya firime kumashini yo hagati / hejuru yimashini ihindagurika, impagarara zihindagurika zigenzurwa mumuzingo ufunguye. Mubisanzwe, intangiriro yo guhinduranya irenze 25-50% kurenza impagarara zurubuga rwinjira. Noneho, uko diameter y'urubuga yiyongera, impagarara zigenda zigabanuka gahoro gahoro, zigera cyangwa ntizirenze ubukana bwurubuga rwinjira. Iyo impagarara ihindagurika iruta iyinjira ryurubuga rwinjira, umuvuduko wikigereranyo cyumuvuduko wongeye kubyara cyangwa kubyara umuriro mubi (feri). Mugihe umurambararo wa diameter wikizunguruka wiyongera, ingendo zurugendo zizatanga feri nkeya kandi nkeya kugeza zeru itaragera; noneho impagarara zihindagurika zizaba zingana na web tension. Niba umuyaga uhuhuta uteganijwe munsi yurubuga, moteri yubutaka izakurura umuriro mwiza kugirango yishyure itandukaniro riri hagati yumuyaga wo hasi hamwe nimbaraga zo hejuru.
Iyo gukata no guhinduranya firime cyangwa ibindi bikoresho bifite igipimo kinini cya Poisson, hagomba gukoreshwa hagati / hagati yuburinganire, kandi ubugari buzahinduka hamwe nimbaraga zurubuga. Hagati yubuso bwimbere bugumana ubugari buhoraho kuko burigihe umurongo wurubuga rushyirwa kumurongo. Ubukomezi bwumuzingo buzasesengurwa hashingiwe ku muriro uri hagati nta kibazo gifite ubugari bwa taper.
Ingaruka ziterwa na firime yo guhinduranya firime ya coefficient ya interlaminar ya firime ya COF) igira uruhare runini mubushobozi bwo gukurikiza ihame rya TNT kugirango ubone gukomera kwifuzwa udafite inenge. Muri rusange, firime zifite coefficient ya interlaminar ya 0.2–0.7 izunguruka neza. Nubwo bimeze bityo ariko, firime idafite inenge ifite uruzitiro rurerure cyangwa ruto (coefficient de coiffure de coiffure) akenshi igaragaza ibibazo bikomeye byo guhindagurika.
Amafirime maremare afite coefficient nkeya yo guterana hagati (mubisanzwe munsi ya 0.2). Izi firime zikunze guhura nibibazo byurubuga rwimbere cyangwa ibibazo byumuyaga mugihe cyo guhinduranya no / cyangwa ibikorwa bidashaka, cyangwa ibibazo byo gukemura urubuga hagati yibi bikorwa. Uku kunyerera imbere kwicyuma kurashobora gutera inenge nko gushushanya icyuma, amenyo, telesikopi na / cyangwa inenge yinyenyeri. Amafirime make yo guterana agomba gukomereka cyane bishoboka kumurongo muremure. Noneho impinduramatwara ihindagurika iterwa niyi torque igenda igabanuka gahoro gahoro kugeza byibuze inshuro eshatu kugeza enye zumurambararo winyuma wimbere, kandi gukomera gukenewe kugerwaho hifashishijwe ihame rya clamp. Umwuka ntuzigera uba inshuti yacu mugihe cyo guhinduranya firime ndende. Izi firime zigomba guhora zikomerekejwe nimbaraga zihagije zo gukumira umwuka winjira mumuzingo mugihe cyo kuzunguruka.
Filime yo kunyerera ifite coefficient yo hejuru yo guterana hagati (mubisanzwe hejuru ya 0.7). Izi firime zikunze guhura nibibazo byo guhagarika no / cyangwa ibibazo. Iyo firime ihindagurika hamwe na coefficient yo hejuru yo guterana, kuzunguruka ovality kumuvuduko muke wumuyaga no gukemura ibibazo kumuvuduko mwinshi birashobora kubaho. Iyi mizingo ishobora kuba yazamuye cyangwa ifite inenge ikunze kwitwa ipfundo cyangwa kunyerera. Filime zo guterana hejuru ni igikomere cyiza hamwe nu cyuho kigabanya itandukaniro riri hagati yo gukurikira no gufata imizingo. Gukwirakwiza bigomba kwemezwa hafi bishoboka kugeza aho bipfunyika. FlexSreader ikoti ikomeretsa neza idler izunguruka mbere yo guhinduranya kandi ifasha kugabanya inenge zinyerera mugihe uhindagurika hamwe no guterana hejuru.
Wige byinshi Iyi ngingo isobanura zimwe mu nenge zizunguruka zishobora guterwa no gukomera kwizingo. Ubuyobozi bushya bwa Ultimate Roll na Web Defect Gukemura Ibibazo byorohereza kumenya no gukosora ibyo nibindi bizunguruka hamwe nudusembwa twurubuga. Iki gitabo ni verisiyo ivuguruye kandi yaguwe ya Roll hamwe na Web Defect Glossary by TAPPI Press.
Enhanced Edition yanditswe kandi ihindurwa ninzobere 22 zinganda zifite uburambe bwimyaka irenga 500 muri reel na winding. Iraboneka binyuze muri TAPPI, kanda hano.
R. Duane Smith is the Specialty Winding Manager for Davis-Standard, LLC in Fulton, New York. With over 43 years of experience in the industry, he is known for his expertise in coil handling and winding. He received two winding patents. Smith has given over 85 technical presentations and published over 30 articles in major international trade journals. Contacts: (315) 593-0312; dsmith@davis-standard.com; davis-standard.com.
Ibiciro byibikoresho nicyo kintu kinini cyibicuruzwa biva hanze, bityo abatunganya ibicuruzwa bagomba gushishikarizwa kugabanya ibyo biciro.
Ubushakashatsi bushya bwerekana uburyo ubwoko nubunini bwa LDPE bivanze na LLDPE bigira ingaruka kumitunganyirize nimbaraga / ubukana bwa firime ya firime. Amakuru yerekanwe ni ayavanze akungahaye hamwe na LDPE na LLDPE.
Kugarura umusaruro nyuma yo kubungabunga cyangwa gukemura ibibazo bisaba imbaraga zahujwe. Dore uburyo bwo guhuza urupapuro rwakazi hanyuma ukazamuka ugakora vuba bishoboka.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Werurwe-24-2023
